All sports injuries and how to prevent and treat them is very important for the athlete and non-athlete.
These things are very simple and may prevent you from getting injured and keep you from visiting a specialist.
Sports injuries
including:
fractures of all kinds, wounds, muscle contractures and tears, brain injuries
and lacerations of internal organs.
It
causes: bleeding, injury to various body parts, disability, deformities,
circulatory and respiratory effects, and death.
Muscular system injuries
Muscle injuries of all kinds are considered among the many injuries and spread among athletes because muscles are the main tool implementing the requirements of physical performance and a major component of the human musculoskeletal system.
Bruises:
A
bruise is the crushing of various tissues and organs of the body, such as the
skin, muscles, bones and joints, as a result of being directly affected by an
external influence. Pain, swelling, internal bleeding, and then leakage of
blood plasma are symptoms that often accompany bruises.
Famous
places for muscle injuries "muscle strain - bruises – lacerations":
·
The pectoral muscle.
·
Abdominal muscle.
·
The quadriceps femoris
muscle.
·
The suture muscle.
·
The middle vastus muscle.
·
Back leg muscle.
·
The twin muscle.
·
Medial calf muscle.
Causes of muscle strains and
muscle tears:
·
Sudden muscle contraction.
·
Excessive muscle effort or
exhausting exercises.
·
Neglecting to warm up
before exercise.
·
Lack of balance and
consistency in training.
·
When the elasticity of the
muscles is less than the required level
What should you do after injury??
·
Giving rest to the injured
part and making the affected muscles in a relaxed position to reduce muscle
tension.
·
Putting cold water or ice
cubes immediately after the injury occurs, to stop the internal bleeding and
reduce the swelling.
What is the treatment for such injuries???
·
Use changing baths (cold
and hot) two to three times a day to stimulate blood circulation.
·
The use of medical plaster intended to remove pain and tumor.
·
Use the compression bandage
throughout the day and remove it at bedtime.
·
Use a pillow when sleeping
or sitting to raise the affected part.
·
Training the affected
muscles gradually under the supervision of a physiotherapist.
Sprain of the ankle joint
is
one of the many and common injuries among the public, especially athletes,
where a sudden sprain occurs as a result of the foot being exposed to internal
coup with plantar flexion during exercise or even walking on uneven ground.
The
sound of a ligament tearing is often heard at the time of the injury.
The
sprain is an indication of the absence of a fracture in the area of the
injury and means the stretching or rupture of some fibers, where the degree of
joint sprain is determined by the extent of damage to the external ligaments.
Sprains are of the first or simple degree in
the case of rupture of 25% of the fibers.
the
second or medium degree in the case of rupture 20-75% of the fibers.
third
degree or severe in the case of rupture of more than 75% of the fibers, which
of course leads to significant instability of the joint.
The ligaments around the joint are:
A.
Lateral ligament:
It consists of three fibrous bundles (posterior – anterior – inferior)
extending from the heel to the fibula bone.
B.
The medial ligament:
It is part of the deltoid ligament and is considered one of the
strongest ligaments of the ankle joint. It is rarely torn unless a fracture
occurs, such as a (simple fracture).
C. Internal ligament :
A triangular ligament attached to the medial side of the joint bones.
Signs, symptoms and diagnosis:
The
affected person usually complains of:
pain, swelling and inability to walk.
Swelling is noted in at least 60% of severe
ankle sprains within 48 hours of the injury, with the color changing to dark
blue on the surface of the foot, with a feeling Pain on palpation on the
anterior ligament.
as well as a popping sound in the place of the
synovial capsule of the joint and the posterior ligaments with limited range of
motion of the joint due to pain and swelling.
Usually the muscle strength does not change
during the first days of the injury, a loss of general balance, so it is
noticed that the foot is unable to bear the weight of the body.
The
correct diagnosis plays an important role in the recovery of this injury and
depends on:
·
a skilled sports injury
specialist.
·
the sign of the manual test
(pull examination) for the stability of the ankle joint is positive.
·
the need to make x-rays to
deny the presence of a fracture in the joint.
treatment :
Treatment may vary according to the type of injury:
there is mild or chronic sprain
and there is partial or complete rupture
the incomplete treatment of this injury leads
to instability of the foot and weakens its muscular ability, and also results
in chronic pain, and swelling, which ultimately leads to the inability of the
foot to perform daily activities. .
1) Treatment of first and second degree injuries for a "spontaneous" sprain:
Use
of crushed ice at the time of the injury while resting the injured part. For
the first three days after the injury,
the
injured organ shoud be raised from the ground level.
Use
a compression strap.
In
addition to anti-inflammatory drugs and analgesics.
2) Treatment of chronic sprain:
·
The duration of treatment
depends on the severity of the infection and is usually two weeks.
·
Ultrasound
.
·
hot baths.
·
Exercises for the joint in
four directions only movement exercises.
·
Then rehabilitation under
the supervision of the treating specialist after making sure that the condition
has improved.
As
for the treatment in cases of sprains accompanied by a rupture, whether it is
partial or complete, the treatment is:
1) The foot is placed with gypsum for a period of three weeks until the torn ligaments are healed. There is no objection to the
gypsum splint being of the fixed (permanent) or movable type.
2)
this is
better because it facilitates movement, ease of use and lightness of weight.
3)
After removing the gypsum (the stabilization
period), the stage of physical therapy begins for a period of three weeks to
reach:
a)
Returning the normal movement and muscular strength of the ankle joint and
muscles.
b)
Reducing swelling around the joint.
C)
Returning the person to his usual daily activity
using the following:
1)
Infrared rays for 15 minutes to improve the blood
circulation of the affected organ.
2)
Ultrasound.
3)
Rehabilitation exercises for the joint to increase movement
and increase muscle strength under the supervision of the therapist who
determines the program of these exercises and their development according to
the case.
The
duration of treatment, as noted, may be prolonged in some cases, in order to
avoid complications such as recurrent sprains or may lead to rheumatism in the
future. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the continuation of treatment
under the supervision of a highly skilled specialist in sports injuries.
But
prevention remains the most important therapeutic factor in such injuries, and
one of the necessary recommendations for prevention is to wear a light splint
or use a compression strap around the joint in work that may expose you to this
injury, such as practicing sports of all kinds and some work on uneven ground.
Post a Comment